GDM Risk Screener
Gestational Diabetes Risk Assessment · IADPSG / DIPSI / FOGSI Guidelines · India-specific
Basic measurements
Age ≥25 is a risk factor for Indians
kg/m² — South Asian cutoff: overweight ≥23
Weeks of current pregnancy
Obstetric & personal history
Previous pregnancy with GDM
+30 pts
Strongest single risk factor — recurrence rate is 30–84% in subsequent pregnancies
Previous baby > 4 kg (macrosomia)
+20 pts
Large previous baby is a strong indirect marker of undiagnosed past GDM
Previous unexplained stillbirth or congenital malformation
+20 pts
Both are associated with unrecognised GDM in previous pregnancies
PCOS (Polycystic Ovary Syndrome)
+15 pts
PCOS is fundamentally an insulin resistance condition — the same pathology that drives GDM
Family history
First-degree relative with Type 2 diabetes
+15 pts
Parent or sibling with T2DM — strong genetic predisposition to insulin resistance
Mother or sister had GDM
+10 pts
Maternal GDM history has a specific genetic component independent of T2DM family history
BMI & metabolic risk factors
Obese before pregnancy (BMI ≥ 25 South Asian / ≥30 Western)
+15 pts
Obesity is the strongest modifiable risk factor — doubles GDM risk
Overweight before pregnancy (BMI 23–24.9 South Asian)
+10 pts
South Asian-specific cutoff — even modest overweight increases GDM risk significantly in Indians
Sedentary lifestyle / no regular exercise
+10 pts
Physical inactivity reduces insulin sensitivity — the dominant mechanism in GDM development
South Asian specific risk factors
South Asian ethnicity (Indian, Pakistani, Bangladeshi, Sri Lankan)
+10 pts
South Asians have 3× higher GDM risk than Europeans at the same BMI — independent ethnic risk factor
Age 25 or above at time of this pregnancy
+10 pts
Indian guidelines use age ≥25 as a risk threshold — lower than the Western standard of ≥35
High refined carbohydrate diet (white rice, maida, sugar, fruit juice daily)
+10 pts
The traditional Indian diet is carbohydrate-heavy — a major dietary driver of gestational insulin resistance
Glucosuria on urine dipstick in this pregnancy
+15 pts
Glucose in urine is an early warning sign — must be confirmed with blood glucose testing immediately
Polyhydramnios (excess amniotic fluid) on ultrasound
+20 pts
Excess amniotic fluid is directly caused by foetal polyuria from hyperglycaemia — near-diagnostic for GDM
⚠ India has a 16% GDM prevalence — one of the highest in the world. FOGSI and DIPSI recommend that all Indian pregnant women be screened for GDM, regardless of risk factors, due to the extremely high population prevalence.
Please enter age, BMI and gestational age, then answer the risk factor questions.
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GDM risk
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Risk score
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Risk category
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GDM probability
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Contributing risk factors
Recommended screening protocol
Recommended actions
Post-delivery diabetes surveillance plan
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Clinical flags
ⓘ For screening purposes only. This tool identifies women at risk — it does not diagnose GDM.
Diagnosis requires OGTT (75g oral glucose tolerance test) per IADPSG 2010 criteria
(fasting ≥92, 1-hour ≥180, 2-hour ≥153 mg/dL — any one value sufficient for diagnosis).
Indian DIPSI criteria: 2-hour post 75g glucose ≥140 mg/dL.
Risk factor weightings are based on published literature and FOGSI / ICOG guidelines for
GDM management in Indian women. All pregnant women in India should be screened for GDM
regardless of risk score per DIPSI / FOGSI recommendations.